Railsドキュメント(v6.0.2.1)

assert_enqueued_jobs(個数 [, オプション])

assert_enqueued_jobs 0
HelloJob.perform_later('david')
assert_enqueued_jobs 1
HelloJob.perform_later('abdelkader')
assert_enqueued_jobs 2

assert_enqueued_jobs 1 do
  HelloJob.perform_later('cristian')
end

assert_enqueued_jobs 1, only: LoggingJob do
  LoggingJob.perform_later
  HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
end

assert_enqueued_jobs 1, except: HelloJob do
  LoggingJob.perform_later
  HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
end

assert_enqueued_jobs 2, queue: 'default' do
  LoggingJob.perform_later
  HelloJob.perform_later('elfassy')
end

assert_enqueued_with([オプション])

MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)
assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3], queue: 'low')

MyJob.perform_later(foo: 'bar', other_arg: 'No need to check in the test')
assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: expected_args, queue: 'low')

assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3], queue: 'low') do
  MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)
end